Fuel feeding means for internal combustion engines



Oct. 4, 1932.

M. G. CHANDLER FUEL FEEDING MEANS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES ji f Filed July 5, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet l gmnfoz A4. 6 (MM 01.55.

x Oct. 4, 1932.

M. G. CHANDLER 1,880,799

Filed July 5, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Oct. 4, 1932. M. s. CHANDLER FUEL FEEDING MEANS. FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Jul 5, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheep 3 I 4 m all Oct. 4, 1932. M. a. CHANDLER FUEL FEEDING MEANS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed July 5, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 amnion 45?,

b Mai Wyn abtomq Patented Oct. 4, 1932 MILFORD G. CHANDLER, F FLINT, MICHIGAN FUEL FEEDING MEANS non mrnnnan'comnosnon ENGINES Application filetlnTuly 5,

My object generally stated is to provide im provements in fuel feeding means for internal combustion engines to the end that greater economy in fuel may be effected in operating the engine, greater range in power may be of the fuel; to provide for the uniform sup-- plying of a cold charge of fuel to all of the cylinders of the engine; to insure the greatest volumetric efficiency of the motor; and to provide for variations without raising the temperature, thus to take advantage of the greater density of the charge and avoid the prolonged warming up period, during which an abnormally rich mixture is required.

Referring to the drawings,

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of an internal combustion engine in which my improvements are incorporated;

Figure 2 is a side elevation, with certain parts in section and other parts broken away showing the operating mechanism for feeding the fuel to the engine omitted;

Figure 3 is an enlarged detailed section of the intake of the engine;

Figure 4 is a section taken at the lines 4-4 on Figure 7 and viewed in the direction of the arrows, thisview showing the fuel-forcing mechanism in an intermediate position in which the ports of the rotary valve forming a part thereof, are closed;

Figure 5 is an enlarged, detail, longitudinal sectional view through the rotary valve portion of the device;

Figure 6' is a similar view;

Figure 7 is a section taken at the line 77 on Figure 4 and viewed in the direction of the arrows, with the rotary valve in a position in which one of the pump chambers is in communication with theinlet of the valve;

1928. Serial rte-290,491.

' Figure 8 is a section taken at the line 8-8 on Figure 4 and viewed in the direction of the arrows, but with the rotary valve shown in the position it occupies in Figure 7 Figure 9 is a section taken at the line 9-9 55 on Figure 4 and viewed in the direction of the arrows, this view showing the parts of the pumping mechanism in the position they assume when adjusted to supply fuel throughout the length of the strokes of the pistons of the engine;

Figure 10 is a view like Figure 90f the parts therein shown, except that certain parts are shown broken away, this View showing the mechanism adjusted for supplying fuel to the cylinders of the engine throughout only approximately one-half of the strokes of the pistons; and a v Figure 11 is an elevati-onalview, broken partly away, showing certain details of the unitary control for the air throttle valve and the pumping mechanism.

In the particular embodiment of my invention as illustrated in the drawings I have shown an internal combustion engine 15 of a 75 common and well-known type, except that the fuel carbureting means has been eliminated. The engine shown is of the four-cylinder four-cycle type, its intake manifold 16, branched at 17 to lead to the several cylinders, respectively, of the motor, and having an intake or riser open at 18 to the atmosphere and provided with a throttle valve 19; the exhaust-manifold being represented at 20 of the well known type. The branches 17 communicate with the inlet of the engine in which are provided the valve seats 21 with which the inlet valves 22 cooperate, these valves being operated in accordance with common practice from the crank shaft 23 of the engine and in timed relation thereto through the medium of the cam shaft 24. The valves 22 are shown as located in portions 25 of the combustion chambers of the engine and extending laterally beyond the pistons, not shown. Arranged in the combustion chambers over the intake valves are spark plugs 25 passing through suitable bores formed in the upper walls of the lateral portions 25 of the combustion chambers.

' tively, to form pockets.

My invention comprises means for forcing and distributing the fuel into the intake of the engine, a description of the particular means for his purpose being as follows: The fuel-forcing and distributing means referred to comprise a shaft 26 'suitably journalled in a manner not shown and provided with a worm-wheel 27 which meshes with a worm 28 connected with the cam-shaft 24, the shaft 26 being journalled in a housing member 29 carried thereby and rigidly secured to the casing of the engine to hold it firmly against rotatlon. I

The outer end of the shaft 26 has rigidly secured thereto, as by a pin 26, a cam 30 to which this shaft is operatively connected with a rotatable valve member 31, through the medium of a sliding universal joint 32, this universal joint being shown as comprising a slide 33 sliding in a groove 30 in the end of the cam 30 and in a transversely disposed groove 34 in the adjacent end of the valve 31. The valve 31 which is shown as of tapered construction is rotatable in a tapered valve block 35 forming a valve casing which is located in the casing 29 and held rigidly in place therein. The valve 31 at its smaller end contains a bore 36 extending centrally thereof into which a tubular member 37 is screwed, the inner end of the member 37 being annularly beveled as represented and fitting closely against asimilar beveled surface provided in the bore 36 at a' reduced portion thereof.

The member 37 between its ends contains an annular groove, for the purpose hereinafter described. The outer end of the member 37 is headed as represented at 40 between which and a thrust ring 41 surrounding the member 37 and bearing against the outer end of the block 35, a coil spring 42 is interposed for holding the valve 31 in tight engagement with the block 35. A pipe 43 leading from any suitable source of fuel, as for example gasoline tank 43, is in communication with the outer open end of the tubular member 37 for supplying fuel to the latter.

The portion 31 of the valve contains a longitudinally extending passage 44 communicating with the inner end of the passage in the tubular member 37 and with a transverse passage 45 extending centrally through the member 31, the ends of this passage being enlarged as represented at 46 and 47, respec- The member 31 also contains diametrically opposed ports 48 and 49 disposed at 90 to the passage 45, these ports extending diagonally through the member 31 into a position in which they register with the channel 39 and through which the fuel supplied through the valve device to the pump chambers hereinafter referred to and therein acted on bythe pump pistons, is discharged. The member 31 also contains a radial port 50 adapted tobe moved into communication, successively, with radial, equidistantly-spaced ports 51, 52, 53 and 54, provided in the valve block 35 and the surrounding portion of the casing 29 in which this block is secured, these ports communicating, respectively, with pipes 55, 56, 57 and 58. The pipes 55, 56, 57 and 58 communicate with nozzles which open into the branches, respectively, of the intake manifold, as represented by the nozzle 59 communicating with the pipe 55, it being understood that one of the nozzles is rovided for each cylinder of the engine.

ach nozzle has a spring closed outlet valve which is normally held closed so that a pressure is built up in the pipe and is only unseated whenthe pressure exceeds the strength of the spring of the valve to deliver ,a measured charge of fuel to the cylinders. These nozzles are preferably so disposed, as shown by the nozzle 59, that it inclines upwardly and rearwardly to direct the fuel discharged therefrom, as hereinafter described, in an upward direction generally in the direction of the flow of air through the inlet at the portion thereof equipped with the nozzle and generally through the portion of the inlet surrounded by the valve seat 21.

The fuel-forcing means also comprise a pair of piston plungers 60 and 61 having reduced inner ends 62 and 63, respectively, at which they are slidable in bores 64 and 65, respectively, in hollow arms 29 and 29* formed in the casing 29 and in valve block 35, the plungers belng disposed relative to each other at an angle of 90 in the particular construction shown. The outer enlarged ends 66 and 67 of the plungers are slidable in lengthwise slotted housings 68 and 69, respectively, which are lengthwise movable in outer enlarged portions 64 and of the bores 64 and 65, respectively, and are held against turning by studs screwed into the legs of the casing 29 and extending at their inner ends into the slots in these housings as shown of the stud 70 for housing 68.

The enlarged bore portions 64F and 65 contain stufiing boxes 70 and 71 through which the reduced ends of the plungers respectively extend, springs7 2 and 73 surrounding theends of the enlarged portions of the plungers and interposed between the stufling boxes 70 and 71 and the inner ends of the houslng- 68 and 69, serving to keep the stuffing boxes tight. The arms are capped at 74 and 75 and contain adjustable stop devices, shown as screws 76 and 77 screwing into the caps and formingstops for the housings 68 and 69. The plungers 66 and 67 are provided at their outer ends with heads 78 and 79 which slide in, and extend outwardly through, the slots in the housings 68 and 69, and terminate in pivoting studs as shown at 80 of the head 78, to which studs the upper ends of links 81 and 82 are pivotally connected. The inner end of the link 81 is'pivotally connected with the outer end of the arm 83 of the bell crank lever 84 pivoted at its angle 85 on the crank portion 86 of a crank shaft 87 provided in a stationary disk portion 88 of, the casing 29.

The bell crank 84 carries two rollers 89 and 90, the roller 89 being journalled on the outer end of the other arm 91 of the bell cra'nk 84 and the roller journalledv at the.

pivotal connection between the link 81 and the arm 83. The inner end of the link 82 is pivotally-connected at 92 with the outer end of the arm 93 of a bell crank lever 94 pivoted at its angle 95 on the crank portion 96 of a crank shaft 97 journalled in the disk portion 88. The bell crank 94 carries two rollers 98 and 99, the roller 98 being journalled on the outer end of the other arm 100 of the bell crank 94 and the roller 99 journalled on the pivot 92 connecting the link 82 with the bell crank 94.

The plungers 60 and 01 are reciprocated to alternate in their power strokes by mechanism comprising the link and bell crank mechanism above described and the cam 30 which is of the double nose type shown and into the path of movement of which the rollers hereinafter described extend, the nose portions engaging these rollers in succession and producing positive reciprocations of the plungers in both directions.

The provision of the bell crank levers as shown permits of their adjustment relative to the cam 30, by rotating the crank shafts 87 and 97 into difierent angular positions about their axes, to vary the length of the strokes of the plungers, and as means for so adjusting the bell cranks, I provide the crank shafts 87 and 97 with arms 101 and 102, respectively, rigidly secured thereto and pivotally connected together at their outer ends, as indicated at 103 and 104, with a link 105 for ensuring simultaneous movement thereof, the arm 101 being pivotally connected at 103 with a rod 107 pivotally connected at 108 with one arm 109 of a plural arm rock member %10dpivoted at 111 to the part 18 of the maniis pivoted at 113 to a manually controllable rod 114, such as the accelerating pedal of the machine to which it is attached, and its other arm 115 is adapted to engage a pin 116 on a crank arm 117 secured to a spring controlled butterfly throttle valve 1 18 controlling the fiow of air to the intake manifold 16. The rod 107 is thus operated at all times responsive to the movement of the rod 114 whereas the valve 118 remains open at all times except upon the movement of the rod 107 to a position in which the plunger-s 60 and 61 are operating at approximately their minimum strokes.

It may here be stated that as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, the drive of the shaft 26' is such that it operates in timed The intermediate arm 112 of the member relation to the crank shaft of the engine and at one half of the speed of the latter and thus each plunger pumps one charge of fuel to a cylinder with each revolution of the crank shaft, thus pumping four charges, for each two revolutions of the crank shaft, the parts being so constructed and arranged that when the plunger stroke adjusting mechanism hereinbefore described, is set to effect the maximum strokes of the plungers, the plungers begin their fuel forcing strokes substantially at gagement withthe rollers 90 and 98, the

valve 31 occupies the position shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7 in which the passage 45 registers with the bore 64 and the passage 48 registers with the bore 65. As the crank shaft of the engine and the shaft 26 continue to rock the bell crank 84 in counterclockwise direction (Figure 9) and the bell crank 95 in clockwise direction, thereby continuing the outward movement of the plunger 60 and the inward movement of the plunger 61, with the result that the fuel follows the withdrawing movement of the plunger 60 and the fuel in advance of the plunger 61 is forced through port 48 into recess 39 and port 51 and out through pipe 55 in registration therewith and out through the nozzle in the intake and thence into the engine cylinder, the piston of this cylinder being on its intake stroke and therefore exerting suction in the manifold which draws air into the latter through its inlet 18, the air sweeping past the nozzle 59 and mixing with the fuel discharging therefrom.

While I have illustrated and described the nozzles disposed in the inlets of the engine, I am aware that they could be placed so as to communicate directly with the cylinders and therefore I do not wish to limit myself to the position of the nozzles or to the details of construction thereof, as I am aware that various changes in the construction of fuel feeding device as herein shown and described can be made without departing from the spirit of my invention.

What I claim "is:

1. In a fuel feeding means forinternalcombustion engines, a plunger pump therein ClIIVr en in timed relation to said engine for feeding fuel thereto, a bell crank for operating said plunger positively in both. directions and means for adjusting said bell crank for varying the stroke of said piston.

2. The combination with an internal combustion engine, of a combined fuel pump measuring and feeding device, said device being provided with a piston whose full delivery stroke is timed to coincide with the whole portion of the intake stroke of the nis ton of the motor, the stroke of said piston being positively operated in both directions by a bell crank and means for adjusting said bell crank while the pump is in operation for the stroke of said plunger and a distributor for receiving and distributing fuel to the various cylinders of said engine in succession.

4. In a fuel feeding system for internal combustion engines, the combination with a multiple cylinder internal combustion motor, of a two cylinder ump, each cylinder having a piston mova ly mounted therein, bell cranks having a connection with said pistons, a cam cooperating with said bell cranks and means for adjusting said bell cranks to vary the stroke of said pistons.

5. The combination with a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine, of a plunger pump, a distributor through which the fuel from said pump passes to provide in succession passages for the fuel to the individual ducts leading to the cylinders of the engine, bell cranks having a connection with the pistons of said pump, a continuously rotating cam cooperating with said bell cranks and means for adjusting said bell cranks to vary the stroke of the pistons.

6. The combination with a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine, of a plunger pump driven in timed relation to said engine for feeding fuel thereto, a bell crank having a connection with the plunger of said pump, a cam-cooperating with said bell crank, means for adjusting said bell crank to vary the stroke of the piston, a distributor through which fuel from said pump passes to provide in succession passages for the fuel to the individual ducts provided with orifices located at the delivery end and adapted to deliver fuel into the intake of-said engine as the intakes of the cylinder are opened.

7. A fuel feeding system for internal combustion engines comprising a multiple cylinder pump having reciprocating pistons, a pair of hell cranks each having a connection with one piston of each pump cylinder, -a

cam cooperating with said bell cranks, means for adjusting said. bell cranks in respect to said cam for varying the stroke of said pis tons-and a distributor comprising a rotar tapering valve and a, tapering valve bloc provided with inlet and outlet ports'adapted toregister with the pump cylinders and with .ducts leading to the respective cylinders ofnection; with said shaft, a tapering valve block tb receive said valve, pump cylinders adapted to register with ducts formed in said valves and block, said valve block being provided with a plurality of outlet ports adapted to register with ducts leading to therespective cylinders of the engine and variable stroke pistons mounted in said pump cylinders and operated by said cams and means interposed between said cams and said operating means for allowing said. adjusting means to be adjusted while said pump is in operation.

9. A fuel feeding system for internal combustion engines, comprising a housing having pump chambers, a valve block provided with ports communicating with said pump chambers, said valve block being provided with a conical socket a rotating valve provided with an axial inlet mounted in said valve block,-a tubular member carried by said valve and provided with a coil spring engaging said valve block for holding said members together and means for positively driving the pistons of said pump in both directions.

10. In a fuel feeding system for-internal combustion engines, the combination with a pump feeding fuel to the cylinders of the engine under pressure, of a distributor through which said fuel passes to provide in succession passages for the fuel to the individual ducts provided with orifices located at the delivery end and adjacent the intake valves of the motor, said distributor comprising a conical rotating valve and a valve block having a conicalsocket to receive said valve,

said rotary valve carrying a tubular member with a fuel inlet port.

11. A fuel feeding system for internal combustion engines having a distributor comprising a conical valve member and a valve block provided with a conical socket to receive said valve member, said valve member carrying a tubular member providing a fuel inlet, said valve block being provided with outlet passages communicating with the respective. cylinders of the engine and pump cylinders disposed around said valve block and adapted to communicate with inlet passages for drawing in fuel on the suction stroke and expelling fuel on the discharge stroke successively to the respective cylinders of the engine.

12. A fuel feeding means for internal composed in said casing, pistons disposed in 1 said pump cylinders, bell cranks connected to bustion engines comprising a pump having a plurality of radiall disposed cylinders, pistons mounted in sai pump chambers, bell cranks connected to said pistons, a cam for operating said bell cranks and means for adjusting said bell cranks to vary the strokes of said pistons.

'13.-A fuel feeding means for internal combustion engines comprising a combined pump and distributor, said pump having reciprocating pistons operated by bcll cranks, means for adjusting said bell cranks to vary the stroke of said pistons and adistributor comprising two cooperating members having inclined surfaces, one of said members carrying a tubular member having a central inlet and means for resiliently holding said members together.

14. A pump comprising a housing having a shaft revolubly mounted therein, a cam carried by said shaft, a fuel distributor comprising a stationary valve block and a revoluble valve member having a universal connection with said shaft, pump cylinders dissaid" pistons adapted to be operated by said cam and drank-arms for adjusting the relative position of said bellcranksto vary the stroke of said pistons.

15.. A fuel measuring and feeding'devi-ce for internal combusion engines having a piston of such area and stroke that it is adapted to deliver an amount of fuel to be properly proportioned to the amount of air ,displaced by the piston of the motor, actuating means adapted to'cause said piston to move through its delivery stroke at the time the piston of the motor makes its suction stroke and to cause saidpump piston to end its stroke near the end of the stroke of said motor piston, adjustable means for cutting off the beginning portion of the movement of said pump piston without affecting the rate of movement of the remainder of its stroke and means for positively operating said pump piston in both directions.

16. A fuel feeding system for internal combustion engines having a main air inlet with a normally open throttle valve, comprising a pump for feeding fuel directly to the valve pockets of the engine, said pump comprising pump cylinders with reciprocating pistons, a cam driven by the engine, bell cranks connectedto the piston operated by said cam, crank arms for adjusting the relative position of said bell cranks to vary the stroke of said pistons and means connecting said cranks to the throttle valve for adjusting said cranks as the throttle valve is moved.

17. A fuel feeding means for internal com-' having inclined surfaces, one being revolubly mounted in respect to the other, one of said members carrying a tubular member having a central fuel inlet, and means for resilientlyholding. said members together with their inclined faces in contact with one another.

18. A fuel metering and distributing pump for internal combustion engines comprising a pump with reciprocating pistons, bell cranks or operating said pistons, means for adjusting said bell cranks to vary the stroke of said pistons, and a distributor comprising two telescoping members having contacting inclined surfaces, one being revolubly mounted in respect to the other, one of said members carying a tubular member having a central fuel inlet and means for resiliently holding said members together with their inclined faces in contact with one another.

19. A fuel metering and distributing pump for internal combustion engines comprising a plunger pump driven in timed relation to said engine for feeding fuel thereto, a bell crank for operating said plunger positively in both directions, a cam for operating said bell crank and. means for adjusting said bell crank for varying the stroke of said piston.

20. In a fuel feeding system for internal combustion engines, the combination with a pump for feeding fuel to the cylinders of the engine under pressure, of a distributor throughwhicl said fuel passes to provide n succession passages forthe fuel to the individual ducts provided with orifices lo cated at the delivery end and adjacent the 101 intakewalvesof the motor, said distributor comprising a conical valve member and a valve block member having a conical socket to receive said conical valve, said valve member having acentral fuel inlet and means for rotating one of said members.

21. A fuel feeding means for internal combustion engines comprising a combined pump and distributor, said distributor comprising two telescoping members having inclined surfaces, the inner member having a central fuel inlet provided with outlets adapted to successively communicate with the pump cylinders on the suction stroke of the pistons of the pump,said inner member being provided with separate fuel outlets adapted to successively communicate with the cylinders of the pump on the pressure stroke of the pistons of the pump and means for resiliently holding said inner and outlet mem- 12C bers together with their inner inclined faces in COIltfiCfWltll one another.

22. A fuel feeding means for internal com-- bustion engines comprising a combined pump and distributor, said distributor comprising lfi two telescoping members having inclined surfaces, the inner member having a central fuel. inlet provided with outlets adapted to successively communicate with the pump cylinders on the suction stroke of the pistons 6 1 1,sso,7ee

of the pump, said inner member being provided with separate fuel outlets adapted to the engine under pressure, of a distributor through which fuel passes to provide in suc cession passages for the fuel to the individual ducts leading to the respective cylinders of the engine, said distributor comprising a conical valve member and a valve block member having a conical socket to receive said valve member, said valve'member having a central fuel inlet and means for rotat ng one of sad members.

24. A fuel feeding means for internalcombustion engines comprising a pump and :a

distributor, said pump having reciprocating" pistons with means for adjusting the stroke of said pistons, said distributor comprisin two telescoping members having incline surfaces, the inner member being provided with a central fuel inlet and outlets adapted tosuccessively communicate with the cylinders of the pump, means for rotating one of said members to alternately bring the inlet and outlet ports in communlcation with the cylinders of the pump on the pressure and suction strokes of the piston thereof and means for resiliently holding said members together with their inclined faces in contact with one another.

25. A fuel feeding means for internal combustion engines comprising a combined pump and distributor said pump having reciprocating pistons, said distributor comprising two members, one member being conical and cqithe other having a conical socket to receive said conical member, said conical member bein provided with a central fuel inlet and ra ia'l outlets adapted to-successively communicate with the cylinders of the pump means for rotating one of said members and means for resiliently holding said members together with their inclined faces in contact with one another.

26. A fuel feeding means for internal combustion engines comprising a combined pump and distributor, said distributor comprising two telescoping members, one member being substantially conical in'shape and the other having a conical socket to receive said member, said conical member being provided with a central fuel inlet and means for resiliently holding said members together with their inclined faces in contact with one another.

27. A fuel measuring and feeding device for internal combustion engines comprising a combined pump and distributor, said pump having reciprocating pistons with means for varying the stroke thereof, said distributor comprising two telescoping members, one member being conical in shape and the other having a conical socket to receive said conical member, said conical member being provided with a central fuel inlet having ports adapted to communicate successively with the cylinders of the pump on the suction stroke of the pistons thereof and ports adapted to communicate successively with the cylinders of the pump on the pressure stroke of the pistons thereof, means for rotating one of said members in respect to the other and means for resilientlyholding the inclined faces of said members together.

28. A fuel feeding means for internal combustion engines comprising combined pump and distributor,- said pump having reciprocating pistons, means for varying the stroke of said pump, said distributor comprising two telesco ing members, one member being substantia 1y conical in shape and the other member having a substantially conical socket to receive said conical member, said conical member having a central fuel inlet provided with fuel outlet ports adapted to successively communicate with the cylinders ofthe pump, said conical member being provided with outlet ports adapted to successively communicate with the cylinders of the pump to cause fuel to be intermittently forced through the outlets thereof, means for rotating one of said members in respect to the other and means for resiliently holding saidmembers together with their inclined faces in contact with one another. Y

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature.

MILFORD G. CHANDLER.

Ill 

